What is the greenhouse effect?

 

Author; Rogelio Pérez C
Summary
The temperature of the planet is associated with a greenhouse effect, by certain gases in the atmosphere known as greenhouse gases, some of the main gases being CO2 and Methane. This work explains that the greenhouse effect is a pressure effect on gases, which happens in a closed place. When in a closed place like a greenhouse, light energy is allowed in either the sun or artificial, this energy causes an effect of raising the temperature inside this closed place, because light energy increases the speed of gas molecules that are contained within this, because these molecules hit more frequently and with more force over the walls, which is why it is concluded, that a greenhouse does not retain heat, but the gas molecules that transfer heat with shocks. This explanation was said by the Frenchman Gay-Lussac in the early 1800s, to explain the relationship between temperature and pressure of a gas, now, as the atmosphere is a gas, now, as the atmosphere is a gas, and its temperature is explained by a greenhouse effect, then we can conclude that, the greenhouse effect on the atmosphere is caused by the energy of the sun, and not any gas within the atmosphere.

Introduction;

In the world there is a problem known as climate change, which consists in the increase of the temperature of the atmosphere, this in turn transfers this heat to all those who live under this blanket of gas called the atmosphere. Science explains this increase in temperature as caused by certain gases that retain the heat of the earth's surface, and they explain it as an analogy of greenhouses made of solids, because they retain heat inside, so it is called to warm up the atmosphere, a greenhouse effect. But how do greenhouses retain heat? This question can be easily solved with the work of Frenchman Gay-Lussac and his experiments to prove his law on the relationship between pressure and temperature of a gas.

Theory;
A greenhouse is a closed place, it takes advantage of the effect produced by solar radiation that, when passing through a glass or translucent plastic, warms the environment and the objects inside.

Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the atoms or molecules in the system.

Heat, is thermal energy transferred from a hotter system to a cooler system that are in contact.

We can calculate the heat released or absorbed using the specific heat capacity C, of the mass, and the change in temperature, ΔT,in the equation: [1]

q =m×C×ΔT

Light (from Latin lux, lucis) is the part of electromagnetic radiation that can be perceived by the eye human. [2] In physics, the term light is considered as part of the radiation field known as the electromagnetic spectrum, while the expression visible light specifically signals radiation in the visible spectrum. Light, like all electromagnetic radiation, is made up of elementary particles devoid of mass called photons, [3]

The Greenhouse Effect; If the earth only absorbed radiation from the sun without giving an equal amount of heat back to space by some means, the planet would continue to warm up until the oceans boiled. We know the oceans are not boiling, and surface thermometers plus satellites have shown that the earth's temperature remains roughly constant from year to year (the interannual globally-averaged variability of about 0.2 C or the 0.5 C warming trend in the 20th century, notwithstanding). This near constancy requires that about as much radiant energy leaves the planet each year in some form as is coming in. In other words, a near-equilibrium or energy balance has been established. The components of this energy balance are crucial to the climate.
All bodies with temperature give off radiant energy. The earth gives off a total amount of radiant energy equivalent to that of a black body -- a fictional structure that represents an ideal radiator -- with a temperature of roughly -18 C (255 K). The mean global surface air temperature is about 14 C (287 K), some 32 C warmer than the earth's black body temperature. The difference is due to the well-established greenhouse effect. U.S. Standard Atmosphere. [4]

Gay-Lussac's law
The relationship between the pressure and the temperature of a gas when the volume is constant was stated by Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac in early 1800. Sets the relationship between the temperature and pressure of a gas when the volume is constant, Gay-Lussac found that at any time during this process, the pressure-temperature ratio always had the same value: [5]
PT=kPT=k

Development;

For a gas the temperature and pressure are directly proportional, when it keep everything else constant. As the gas temperature rises, so will the pressure, and if the temperature of a gas drops, so will its pressure.

If heats a gas, its particles will move faster.

If the gas is inside a rigid container with a fixed volume, this means that the faster the gas particles move, the more times they collide per second against the walls of the container, this phenomenon will increase the pressure inside the container.

Now the opposite is also correct, if cool the container, it means that the gas molecules inside will move more slowly, so there will be fewer collisions per second with the sides of the container, which means less pressure.

Now, if we associate this law of gases, which relates temperature and pressure of a gas, with the temperature of the atmosphere, we can say that the largest gas on the planet known as the atmosphere increases its temperature by the rays of sunlight entering the planet, because the gas molecules of the atmosphere increase their speeds and hit more times per second against the planet and all its objects (Pressure). For those who say that the atmosphere does not absorb sunlight, remind them that sunlight has all the wavelengths that exist, including the wavelength that emits the earth's surface when it warms up, in addition, greenhouse gases that are 0.04% absorb infrared, and oxygen 21% of the atmosphere absorbs ultraviolet,

The atmosphere is a gas and has pressure

Conclusión;

The greenhouse effect that raises the temperature of the planet's atmosphere is generated by the electromagnetic energy coming from the sun, which are absorbed by certain molecules such as the oxygen gas 21% of the atmosphere, which increases the speed of the gas molecules in the atmosphere.

We also conclude that greenhouses do not trap heat inside their walls, it trap accelerated gas molecules, and the greater or lesser heat transfer is done by gas molecules trapped inside these closed place, And the increase in pressure and temperature will depend on the speed of the gas molecules, and the increase in the speed of the molecules in the greenhouses will depend on whether light energy from the sun or artificial is allowed in.

Infrared cannot be confused with temperature and heat, because science says that infrared is light, that light has no mass, and to calculate temperature and heat, a mass is needed that causes and transfers it.

 

Bibliography;

1-https://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry/thermodynamics-chemistry/internal-energy-sal/a/heat

2- Walton, Harold Frederic; Reyes, Jorge (1983). Análisis químico e instrumental moderno. Reverte. ISBN 9788429175196. Consultado el 16 de febrero de 2018.

3- Introducción a la ciencia de materiales: técnicas de preparación y caracterización. Editorial CSIC - CSIC Press. 1993. ISBN 9788400073435. Consultado el 16 de febrero de 2018.

4- https://stephenschneider.stanford.edu/Mediarology/Statement_of_Stephen_Schneider_Climate_Change.html

5- https://www.educaplus.org/gases/ley_gaylussac.html